(2)-(13)

Table of Contents

Subsection 18(2) - Limit on certain interest and property tax

Cases

Jobin v. Canada (Attorney General), 2005 DTC 5405, 2004 FCA 386

The Tax Court Judge did not commit a reviewable error when he found that s. 18(2) prohibited the deduction of interest and property taxes claimed...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Urbandale Realty Corp. v. Minister of National Revenue, 97 DTC 5353, [1997] 3 C.T.C. 6 (FCTD)

Subsection 18(2) only limited deductions otherwise available and did not establish that property taxes that the taxpayer was unable to deduct...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Words and Phrases
tax

Heinze v. The Queen, 97 DTC 5219 (FCTD)

The taxpayer acquired farmland and buildings for $130,000 and rented the farm out at $2,500 per year with the intention that they would not farm...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Ward v. The Queen, 88 DTC 6212, [1988] 1 CTC 336 (FCTD)

Interest and taxes were non-deductible under the pre-1978 version of the provision both because the land in question was held for ultimate...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - General Concepts - Ownership doctors were property owners notwithstanding holding of title by trustees 49
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 248 - Subsection 248(1) - Business adventure is not the carrying on of a business 46
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 79 34
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 96 - Subsection 96(1) - Paragraph 96(1)(g) 34

Administrative Policy

20 February 2013 External T.I. 2012-0469811E5 F - Interest deductibility

The taxpayer acquired a large tract of land on income account using borrowed money and, after subdivision, sold a portion of the lots in Year 2....

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

5 November 2009 External T.I. 2009-0333031E5 F - Taxes foncières et scolaires

In the first scenario, Ms. A bought land in 2003 for $36,000 in order to construct a rental building but, in the interim, rented the land out for...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

4 April 1997 Internal T.I. 9638817 - ACQUISITION OF VACANT LAND

Where the owner of a motel purchases a city-owned lot adjacent to the motel property in an effort to prevent it from being developed in a manner...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

7 February 1992 T.I. (Tax Window, No. 16, p. 19, ¶1738)

The carrying charges that relate to a particular parcel can only be deducted in arriving at the net income from that parcel and cannot be applied...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

91 C.R. - Q.39

Revenues that relate to a particular parcel of land may only be included in computing the net income from that parcel and not applied to the...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

13 June 1991 T.I. (Tax Window, No. 4, p. 29, ¶1303)

Because s. 18(2)(f) does not apply to a partnership of two corporations, interest and property taxes to which s. 18(2) applies are not deductible...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

5 February 1990 T.I. (July 1990 Access Letter, ¶1314)

A corporation whose principal business is the holding of a more-than-10% interest in a principal-business partnership generally will be regarded...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

1 December 1989 T.I. (May 1990 Access Letter, ¶1209)

Expenses that relate to a particular lot can only be deducted from the net income from that lot and not against the net income of any other lots...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

89 C.R. - Q.46

The acquisition of land includes the addition of services. Therefore, interest on funds borrowed to acquire the services is interest on debt...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

89 C.M.TC - Q.11

partnerships are not entitled to the base level deduction.

89 C.M.TC - Q.12

a corporate co-tenant having a taxation year that differs from the fiscal year of the co-tenancy should calculate its base level deduction for...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

89 C.M.TC - Q.13

the reference in s. 18(2)(e) to "gross revenue, if any, from the land" does not include revenue from sales of individual parcels of a large tract...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

89 C.M.TC - Q.14

where funds borrowed to acquire land cannot be related to particular parcels, the denied deduction generally is allocated to all land held during...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

IT-153R3 "Land Developers - Subdivision and Development Costs and Carrying Charges on Land"

Articles

Bourgeois, "Some Tax Considerations in Real Estate Development and Construction: Soft Costs, Capitalization, Inventory Write-Downs and Characterization of Partnership Income", 1995 Corporate Management Tax Conference Report, c. 4.

Subsection 18(3) - Definitions

Land

See Also

Re Trizec Equities (1987), 36 DLR (4th) 318 (N.S.C.A.)

A finding that seven floors that were in the process of being added to a 12-storey building, were "building" for purposes of the Assessment Act...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Administrative Policy

1 December 1989 T.I. (May 1990 Access Letter, ¶1209)

Services added to land meet the legal definition of land.

IT-153R3 "Land Developers - Subdivision and Development Costs and Carrying Charges on Land"

Subsection 18(3.1) - Costs relating to construction of building or ownership of land

Cases

Trynchy v. The Queen, 2001 DTC 5582 (FCTD)

A limited partnership of which the taxpayer was a member poured a single concrete piling for a project that would have required 100 pilings as...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Fiore v. The Queen, 93 DTC 5215 (FCA)

At the time the taxpayer's appeal was heard by the Tax Court, it was agreed with the Crown that of a total of $326,648 spent by the taxpayers in...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

See Also

9127-6287 Québec Inc. v. Agence du revenu du Québec, 2023 QCCQ 4688

The taxpayer, during the taxation years at issue, suspended the operation of its golf course to backfill two artificial lakes in its driving range...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 3 - Paragraph 3(a) - Business Source/Reasonable Expectation of Profit golf course operations were suspended for construction whose purpose was to generate business income 215

Charron v. Agence du revenu du Québec, 2021 QCCQ 12137

The taxpayer and another individual acquired a lot for $24,500 in May 2004, and incurred various expenses during the period of construction...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 54 - Adjusted Cost Base municipal and school taxes, insurance, electricity and interest incurred from building permit to being inhabitable were capitalized 176

Morris v. The Queen, 2014 DTC 1149 [at 3481], 2014 TCC 142 (Informal Procedure)

The taxpayer's wife purchased a home, which had been their principal residence, from the taxpayer in order to convert it to rental property. They...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 18 - Subsection 18(1) - Paragraph 18(1)(a) - Start-Up and Liquidation Costs rental operation commenced with repairs and touch-ups 132

Janota v. The Queen, 2010 TCC 395, 2010 DTC 1268 at 3893 (Informal Procedure)

The taxpayers bought an old duplex house and carried out extensive repairs, the expenses of which were deductible. Subsection 18(3.1)(a) only bars...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Baggs v. MNR, 90 DTC 1296, [1990] 1 CTC 2391 (TCC)

In August 1983 the taxpayer commenced the expansion of a two-unit apartment building into a fourteen-unit apartment building. On December 8, 1983,...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Administrative Policy

S3-F4-C1 - General Discussion of Capital Cost Allowance

Overview

1.46 Subsection 18(3.1) of the Act denies the deduction, on a current basis, of certain outlays and expenses that are attributable to the...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 18 - Subsection 18(1) - Paragraph 18(1)(b) - Capital Expenditure v. Expense - Improvements v. Repairs or Running Expense 556
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 13 - Subsection 13(21) - Undepreciated Capital Cost - A 791
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 13 - Subsection 13(21) - Depreciable Property 324
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 16.1 - Subsection 16.1(1) 275
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 13 - Subsection 13(28) 254
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 13 - Subsection 13(27) 222
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 13 - Subsection 13(29) 155
Tax Topics - Income Tax Regulations - Regulation 1100 - Subsection 1100(2) 212
Tax Topics - Income Tax Regulations - Regulation 1100 - Subsection 1100(2.2) 351
Tax Topics - Income Tax Regulations - Regulation 1100 - Subsection 1100(3) 70
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 13 - Subsection 13(7.5) 207
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 261 - Subsection 261(2) 65
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 128.1 - Subsection 128.1(1) - Paragraph 128.1(1)(b) 230
Tax Topics - Income Tax Regulations - Regulation 1102 - Subsection 1102(1) - Paragraph 1102(1)(c) 170
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 13 - Subsection 13(7) - Paragraph 13(7)(e) 65
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 43 - Subsection 43(1) 152
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 68 197
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 13 - Subsection 13(21.1) - Paragraph 13(21.1)(a) 75
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 13 - Subsection 13(21.1) - Paragraph 13(21.1)(b) 212
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 13 - Subsection 13(1) 431
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 8 - Subsection 8(2) 75
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 20 - Subsection 20(16.1) 152
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 13 - Subsection 13(9) 229
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 152 - Subsection 152(4) 321
Tax Topics - Income Tax Regulations - Schedules - Schedule II - Class 8 237
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 13 - Subsection 13(5) 317
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 13 - Subsection 13(6) 221

5 July 2013 Internal T.I. 2013-0489821I7 F - Application of subsection 18(3.1)

The taxpayer carried out renovations on a rental property extending over more than a year, resulting in the property not being available for...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

9 June 2005 Internal T.I. 2004-0105421I7 F - Déductibilité des frais juridiques et d'intérêts

The taxpayer, who had contracted with a construction firm for the firm to enlarge the taxpayer’s building, failed to pay invoices of the firm...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 18 - Subsection 18(1) - Paragraph 18(1)(b) - Capital Expenditure v. Expense - Damages legal fees to defend against claim for unpaid construction fees on building addition were on capital account 126
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 13 - Subsection 13(21) - Undepreciated Capital Cost - A legal fees to defend against claim for unpaid construction fees on building addition were not a capital cost addition 127
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 20 - Subsection 20(1) - Paragraph 20(1)(c) - Subparagraph 20(1)(c)(ii) interest paid pursuant to a judgment requiring payment of construction fees would be deductible but for s. 18(3.1) 165

9 April 2003 Internal T.I. 2003-0001597 F - FRAIS ACCESSOIRES

The Directorate indicated that s. 18(3.1) applied to the following categories of expenditures if work on a rental building constituted a...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

2 April 2003 External T.I. 2002-0171215 F - FRAIS DE FINANCEMENT

A partnership that constructed a rental property over a 12-month period paid a guarantee fee to CMHC as each advance was made to it under the...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

9 March 1992 T.I. (Tax Window, No. 17, p. 22, ¶1792))

Interest income received from customers' deposits for buildings under construction cannot be set-off against the interest expense of the...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

19 September 89 T.I. (February 1990 Access Letter, ¶1099)

Payments made by the lessee under an emphyteutic lease to terminate leases in order that it could transform the rental property into a hotel...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

89 C.M.TC - "Capitalization of Soft Costs - Buildings Under Construction"

general discussion

88 C.R. - Q.52

Where a taxpayer has an ownership interest in a building being erected, the taxpayer is considered to have acquired the building to the extent of...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

84 C.R. - Q.66

The restriction applies to costs incurred during the period of the construction of the entire building regardless whether it is constructed or...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Articles

Bourgeois, "Some Tax Considerations in Real Estate Development and Construction: Soft Costs, Capitalization, Inventory Write-Downs and Characterization of Partnership Income", 1995 Corporate Management Tax Conference Report, c. 4.

Paragraph 18(3.1)(a)

Administrative Policy

9 October 2015 APFF Roundtable Q. 3, 2015-0595761C6 F - Application of ss. 18(3.1)

When asked if it agreed with Janota (cited for the proposition that s. 18(3.1) applies only to the capitalization of soft costs), CRA was somewhat...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

4 May 2005 Internal T.I. 2005-0121761I7 F - Déduction des intérêts - améliorations locatives

In order to expand his bookshop, the taxpayer rented larger premises and undertook renovations before fitting them out, and continued to carry on...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Subparagraph 18(3.1)(a)(i)

See Also

Customs and Excise Commissioners v. Viva Gas Appliances Ltd., [1983] BTC 5064, [1983] 1 WLR 1445, [1984] 1 All E.R. 112 (HL)

The replacement of coal-burning fireplaces in old houses by gas furnaces was found to be the supply of services "in the course of the...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Statutory Interpretation - Noscitur a Sociis 116

ACT Construction Ltd. v. Customs and Excise Commissioners, [1982] 1 All E.R. 84 (HL)

The construction of additional foundations for buildings constituted the "alteration" of those buildings. (Finance Act 1972)

Subsection 18(3.2) - Included costs

Paragraph 18(3.2)(a)

Administrative Policy

89 C.M.TC - "Capitalization of Soft Costs - Buildings Under Construction"

"where a corporation uses available cash to fund the construction of a building and ostensibly borrows money to finance its trade receivables, a...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 18 - Subsection 18(3.1) 2

84 C.R. - Q.67

The interest expense relating to the capital contribution of an arm's length partner will be deductible even though the funds are used by the...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Subsection 18(3.4) - Where s. (3.1) does not apply

See Also

Re Regional Assessment Commissioner, Region No. 14 and Silton Ltd. (1986), 54 OR (2d) 282 (Ont. D.C.)

Respecting s. 7(7) of the Assessment Act (Ont.), Steele J. stated:

"In considering what is the preponderating business, all aspects of the...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Administrative Policy

89 C.M.TC - "Capitalization of Soft Costs - Buildings under Construction" - "Principal Business Corporation"

Subsection 18(3.5) - Idem [Where s. (3.1) does not apply]

See Also

Barat v. M.N.R., 91 DTC 1097, [1991] 2 CTC 2360 (TCC)

A parking garage which was being constructed as part of the same project as a hotel located across the street and which was connected to it by an...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Schneider v. MNR, 89 DTC 198, [1989] 1 CTC 2295 (TCC)

The purchaser of a building was not entitled to deduct soft costs incurred during the construction period and subsequent to his signing of the...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Administrative Policy

85 C.R. - Q.51

Criteria respecting "substantially advanced".

Paragraph 18(3.5)(d)

See Also

Pogson v. Lowe, [1984] 1 WLR 182 (HL)

It was held that an arrangement had not been made in writing to dispose of land when the notes in writing did not evidence the essential terms of...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Subsection 18(4) - Limitation — deduction of interest by certain corporations

Cases

Wildenburg Holdings Ltd. v. Minister of Revenue (Ontario), 2001 DTC 5145 (Ont CA)

The taxpayer submitted that a borrowing from the taxpayer's sole shareholder (a non-resident) to finance the acquisition of Ontario real property...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Wildenburg Holdings Ltd. v. Ontario (Minister of Revenue)!, 98 DTC 6462, [1999] 2 CTC 161 (Ont. C.J. (G.D.)), aff'd 2001 DTC 5145 (Ont CA)

The sole non-resident shareholder of the taxpayer made a loan to what was documented as a partnership between the taxpayer and another...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Uddeholm Ltd. v. The Queen, 87 DTC 5431, [1987] 2 CTC 236 (FCTD)

Short-term indebtedness owing by the taxpayer to its Swedish parent for goods shipped to it was included in the formula indebtedness...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

The Queen v. Thyssen Canada Ltd., 87 DTC 5038, [1987] 1 CTC 112 (FCA)

Late payment charges levied on the taxpayers by its German parent in respect of delays by the taxpayer in paying for merchandise that had been...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

See Also

Specialty Manufacturing Ltd. v. R., 97 DTC 1511, [1998] 1 CTC 2095 (TCC)

Article IX of the 1980 Canada-U.S. Convention and Article IV of the 1942 Canada-U.S. Convention did not prevent the application of s. 18(4) of the...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Treaties - Income Tax Conventions - Article 10 54

Administrative Policy

11 September 2015 Internal T.I. 2015-0599161I7 - Subsection 18(4) and section 216

A non-resident corporation (the “Taxpayer”), which filed a return under s. 216, took the position that the rules in s. 18(4) (the “Rules”)...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

24 December 2013 Internal T.I. 2013-0512551I7 - Thin Cap and partnership income

A ULC and its wholly-owned subsidiary (ULC II) were the partners of a partnership with a different year end than of ULC. The correspondent...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

5 December 2012 External T.I. 2012-0445891E5 - Contributed Surplus and Thin Capitalization

A non-resident corporation (NRco) transferred its shares of Canco, having a cost and paid-up capital of $100 and a fair market value of $1,000 to...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

2005 Ruling 2005-0123631R3 - Thin Capitalization Rules

GAAR will apply to prevent what otherwise would be the avoidance of the thin capitalization rule when debts owing by a Canadian corporation to a...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

9 September 2002 External T.I. 2002-0136985 - Interpretation of Thin Cap Terms

The calculation takes into account all the calendar months ending in the year even if there is no debt or equity outstanding in a particular...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Income Tax Technical News, No. 16

If there is a bona fide partnership and the partners are jointly and severally liable for the partnership debts, RC will view the partnership as...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

29 July 1997 External T.I. 9638945 - INTERACTION OF SUBSECTIONS 18(4) AND 216(1)

Where a non-resident corporation has elected under s. 216(1), the calculation of its "outstanding debts to specified non-residents" and of its...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

3 October 1996 Internal T.I. 1996-9523657 - Capitalization rules applicable to non-res.

Surplus contributed by a person when it was a specified non-resident shareholders included in the computation of the Canadian resident shareholder...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

1996 Corporate Management Tax Conference Round Table, Q. 6

Although preferred shares will be treated as equity even if for accounting purposes they are classified as debt, "the amount of the retained...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 181 - Subsection 181(3) 39

30 August 1995 External T.I. 9520115 - APPLICATION OF 78(1) AND 18(4)

"Subsection 18(4) of the Act can only apply to amounts 'otherwise deductible' and therefore would have no application in the year inventory is...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

92 C.R. - Q.12

S.18(4) will not apply to a loan made to a non-Canadian partnership of which a resident Canadian corporation that is related to the lender is a...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

23 November 1990 T.I. (Tax Window, Prelim. No. 2, p. 5, ¶1038)

The thin capitalization rule does not apply to interest paid by a partnership of corporations unless s. 245 applies.

IT-59R3 "Interest on Debts Owing to Specified Non-Residents (Thin Capitalization)"

Articles

Jack Bernstein, Francesco Gucciardo, "Update on Canada-U.S. Merges and Acquisitions", Tax Notes International, March 16, 2015, p. 993

A cashless application of cross-border interest payments (owing Canco to USCo) to satisfy a subscription obligation for shares of Canco is...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Nathan Boidman, Rhonda Rudick, "Recent Developments Affecting Foreign Investment in Canadian Real Estate", Tax Notes International, 30 April 2012, p. 449

Comparison of investing in Quebec real estate through a non-resident trust or non-resident corporation.

Janette Y. Pantry, Soraya M. Jamal, "The Thin Cap Rules: Revisiting the Foreign Exchange Anomaly", Corporate Finance, 2011, p. 1934: discussion of effect of s. 261(2)(b) and of Imperial Oil decision.

Greg M. Johnson, "Selected Tax Issues Relating to Capitalizing Private Equity Investments in the Oil and Gas Industry", Resource Taxation, Vol. VI, No. 4, 2009, p. 466

Suggests that the thin capitalization rules do not apply to a non-resident private equity partnership, having no 25% partners, which invests in a...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Ewens, "The Thin Capitalization Restrictions", 1994 Canadian Tax Journal, Vol. 42, No. 3, p. 954.

Subsection 18(5) - Definitions

Administrative Policy

4 March 2016 External T.I. 2016-0626841E5 - 18(5) and 20(1)(d)

A loan owing by Canco to a specified non-resident accrues simple interest, as well as compound interest on the balance of the unpaid simple...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

(c)

Administrative Policy

19 September 2015 STEP Roundtable, Q.3

Does the position in 9619120, that redeemable preferred shares are treated as equity, irrespective of their accounting treatment, when applying...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Equity Amount

Paragraph (a)

See Also

Mac's Convenience Stores Inc. v. A.G. of Canada, 2015 QCCA 837

The taxpayer did not realize at the time that paying a substantial dividend to its Canadian parent (which reduced its retained earnings) would...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - General Concepts - Rectification & Rescission thin cap issues were not considered at time of paying a dividend 234

Administrative Policy

29 October 2018 Internal T.I. 2018-0746351I7 - Retained earnings under IFRS

A multi-national entity’s Canadian subsidiary has voluntarily adopted IFRS for the purpose of preparing its Canadian income tax returns. In this...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

18 June 2015 STEP Roundtable Q. 3, 2015-0572201C6 - 2015 STEP Q3 Redeemable Preferred Shares and 18(4)

Does the position in 9619120 still apply? CRA responded:

It continues to be the position of the CRA that the classification of a financial...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 248 - Subsection 248(1) - Share equity/debt classification based on legal form 57

Subparagraph (a)(i)

Administrative Policy

19 January 2018 Internal T.I. 2017-0721641I7 - Thin Cap.-Retained Earnings-Other Income (Loss)

During the relevant Taxation Years, the Taxpayer (a taxable Canadian corporation) had an interest-bearing loan (the “Loan”) owing to its...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

23 November 2016 Internal T.I. 2015-0618511I7 - Thin Capitalization - Retained Earnings

The Canadian-resident corporate Taxpayer has applied the International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) in preparing its consolidated...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - General Concepts - Accounting Principles consistency between unconsoidated and consolidated financials 151

Subparagraph (a)(ii)

Cases

Thinaddictives Inc. v. Agence du revenu du Québec, 2022 QCCQ 3029

The taxpayer (“Thinaddictives”), which was initially formed by its US parent (“Nonni”) with nominal issued share capital, received...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Administrative Policy

15 May 2019 IFA Roundtable Q. 1, 2019-0798831C6 - Thin capitalization

Does CRA still follow 9521415? In particular:

  1. Does the s. 18(5) definition of "specified shareholder" require a person to own shares of the...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Subparagraph (a)(iii)

Articles

Peter Lee, Paul Stepak, "PE Investments in Canadian Companies", draft 2017 CTF Annual Conference paper

Potential adverse thin cap consequences of U.S. lenders pushing for a single U.S. borrower (pp. 10-11)

One of the Canadian tax issues that can...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Paragraph (b)

Administrative Policy

19 August 2016 External T.I. 2015-0585471E5 - Thin cap rules and trusts

Clarification was requested on the application to a trust of (b)(i)(A) of the definition of “equity amount:”

(A) the average of all amounts...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Paragraph (c)

Administrative Policy

4 June 2014 External T.I. 2013-0513761E5 - Meaning of "cost" in determining "equity amount"

Generally, … the "cost" of property …include[s] the amount laid down to acquire such property. … The Queen v. Canada Trustco Mortgage...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Words and Phrases
cost in respect of

22 July 2014 External T.I. 2014-0526631E5 - Definition of equity amount - cost of ECP

Eligible capital property is used by a non-resident corporation in its business carried on in Canada. CRA stated:

As indicated in…

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Outstanding Debts to Specified Non-Residents

Administrative Policy

24 November 2015 CTF Annual Roundtable, Q.10

Based on s. 261(2), the amount of U.S.-dollar denominated debt is to be measured for thin cap purposes in Canadian dollars based on the FX rate at...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 55 - Subsection 55(2.1) - Paragraph 55(2.1)(b) application where no gain on shares/non-application to loss-shifting transactions 313

21 November 2011 External T.I. 2010-0384001E5 - Guarantee/Collateral/ASPE effect on Thin Cap

Generally the hypothecation of assets by a non-resident controlling individual, or a guarantee by him or her, in order to secure a loan from an...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

93 C.M.TC - Q. 3

Any accrued interest that is not paid on its due date becomes a "debt or other obligation to pay an amount" at that time, with the result that...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

15 July 1992 T.I. 920963 (January - February 1993 Access Letter, p. 11, ¶C9-255)

Given the breadth of s. 18(5)(a)(i)(A)(II), the thin capitalization rules will apply to loans made by a U.S. subsidiary to a Canadian parent...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Paragraph (a)

Subparagraph (a)(ii)

Administrative Policy

15 May 2019 IFA Roundtable Q. 4, 2019-0798721C6 - 78(1)(b)(ii) deemed loan & thin capitalization

Assuming compound interest does not accrue on unpaid simple interest owing by a Canadian corporation to a non-resident creditor for which an...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 78 - Subsection 78(1) - Paragraph 78(1)(b) - Subparagraph 78(1)(b)(ii) deemed s. 78(1)(b)(ii) loan is not also deemed to bear interest 97

Specified Right

Administrative Policy

31 October 2017 External T.I. 2017-0690691E5 F - New section 15 back to back loan rules

A 50% shareholder of Corporation B (Ms. B) received a $3M bank loan that was secured by a pledge to the bank of a $3M term deposit held by...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 15 - Subsection 15(2.16) - Paragraph 15(2.16)(c) - Subparagraph 15(2.16)(c)(i) - Clause 15(2.16)(c)(i)(B) application to a term deposit pledged by a family corporation to secure a business loan taken out by a shareholder 195
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 15 - Subsection 15(2.16) - Paragraph 15(2.16)(c) - Subparagraph 15(2.16)(c)(ii) term deposit to secure shareholder loan potentially a specifed right 199

14 September 2017 Roundtable, 2017-0703901C6 - CPA Alberta 2017 Q11: Shareholder loans

When will the back-to-back loan rules in s. 15(2.17) apply where a corporation provides security to a lender to its shareholder. CRA noted that...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 15 - Subsection 15(2.16) - Paragraph 15(2.16)(c) - Subparagraph 15(2.16)(c)(ii) not a specified right where security for repayment of shareholder loan on default 297

Finance

6 October 2017 APFF Financial Strategies and Instruments Roundtable, Q.13

When asked to comment on the policy respecting the use of the definition “specified right” for purposes of the application of ss. 15(2.16) to...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 15 - Subsection 15(2.16) B2B rules in s. 15(2.16) apply mechanically irrespective whether s. 15(2) has been circumvented 387

Articles

Raj Juneja, Pierre Bourgeois, "International Tax Issues That Get in the Way of Doing Business", 2019 Conference Report (Canadian Tax Foundation), 36:1 – 42

Uncertainty regarding specified right exclusion in multiparty group secured facility

  • Under a multiparty credit agreement, all parties (Foreign...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Jason Boland, Christopher Montes, "A Detailed Review of the Back-to-Back Loan Rules", 2016 Conference Report (Canadian Tax Foundation), 26:1-32

Scope of “specified right” (pp. 26:6)

...[O]ne of the main reasons for the introduction of a more robust back-to-back rule in the thin...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Amanda S.A. Doucette, Britney Wangler, "Normal Borrowing by CCPC Owners Can Create an Income Inclusion", Canadian Tax Focus, Vol. 7, No. 1, February 2017, p. 1

A secured guarantee by a private corporation of a bank loan to its individual shareholder may very well cause an income inclusion to the...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 15 - Subsection 15(2.17) 351

John Lorito, Trevor O'Brien, "International Finance – Cash Pooling Arrangements", 2014 Conference Report, (Canadian Tax Foundation), 20:1-33

Specified rights (defined as tantamount to ownership) rarely granted to creditors except re cash collateral (p. 9)

[I]n simple terms, a specified...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Steve Suarez, "Canada Releases Revised Back-to-Back Loan Rules", Tax Notes International, October 27, 2014, p. 357.

Expansion of permitted security rights under s. 18(5) - "specified right"(p. 362)

Second…[t]he revised ''specified right'' definition appears...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Subsection 18(6) - Loans made on condition

See Also

Langhammer v. The Queen, 2001 DTC 45 (TCC)

Before going on to find that losses sustained by the taxpayer after investing in bonds of a condominium development were deductible under s....

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Words and Phrases
loan
Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 20 - Subsection 20(1) - Paragraph 20(1)(p) - Subparagraph 20(1)(p)(ii) occasional loans were money-lending business given that done similarly to a money lender 259

Administrative Policy

18 May 2004 Internal T.I. 2004-0063351I7 F - Double déduction des intérêts et paragraphe 18(6)

In the course of a general discussion of a double-dip structure that also entailed a guarantee of a loan by a US specified shareholder, the...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 20 - Subsection 20(1) - Paragraph 20(1)(c) - Subparagraph 20(1)(c)(i) double-dip structure does not preclude access to s. 20(1)(c) deduction 115

27 July 1990TI AC 59653

With respect to a situation where a company deposited borrowed funds from a related non-resident person into a bank account which was pooled by a...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

23 June 1989 TI 7-3792

S.18(6) would not apply where a non-resident corporation ("NRP") acquired a security that was not a debt obligation of a Canadian bank or a person...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 18 - Subsection 18(6) 35

Income Tax Technical News, No. 15, "The Tax Consequences of the Adoption of the 'Euro' Currency"

2 October 1996 T.I. 961781 (C.T.O. "Thin Capitalization Back-to-Back Loans")

S.18(6) will not be applied to a second loan made by a corporation resident in Canada ("Canco 1") to a second Canadian-resident corporation...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

93 C.M.TC - Q. 9

Where a loan is made by a non-resident person to his wholly-owned Canadian subsidiary which, in turn, makes a similar loan to a second-tier...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

18 January 1993 External T.I. 5-921647

Where a U.S. parent loans $100 to a wholly-owned Canadian subsidiary, and s. 18(4) applies to deny all of the interest charges of $10 payable on...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

18 July 1989 T.I. (Dec. 89 Access Letter, ¶1044)

S.18(4) applies where a non-resident corporation lends to an adequately-capitalized wholly-owned Canadian subsidiary, which subsequently loans...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

23 June 1989 TI 7-3792

Discussion of consequences of a guarantee by the non-resident parent of the Canadian borrower of a Canadian bank loan, including a finding that s....

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 18 - Subsection 18(6) 162

Paragraph 18(6)(c)

Administrative Policy

17 November 2015 Roundtable, 2015-0614241C6 - 2015 TEI Liaison Meeting Q.6 - Specified Right

A notional cash pooling arrangement between (i) a non-resident parent and its various subsidiaries including Canco, and (ii) a non-resident bank,...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 212 - Subsection 212(3.1) - Paragraph 212(3.1)(c) cross-border notional cash-pooling arrangement engages the B2B loan rules 235

28 May 2015 IFA Roundtable Q. 5, 2015-0581531C6 - IFA 2015 Q.5: "Causality test" in 18(6) & 212(3.1)

What is the requisite degree of linkage referenced by the "because" test in clause (B) of ss.18(6)(c)(i), 18(6)(c)(ii), 212(3.1)(c)(i) and...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Articles

Shane Onufrechuk, Warren Pashkowick, "Tax Considerations of Major Construction Projects", 2014 Conference Report, Canadian Tax Foundation, 10:1-35.

Simplified overview of rule (p. 10:13)

A back-to-back loan exists when a Canadian resident has an outstanding interest-bearing debt obligation...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Steve Suarez, "Canada Releases Revised Back-to-Back Loan Rules", Tax Notes International, October 27, 2014, p. 357.

Introduction of requirement for strong causal connection (p. 361)

Two aspects of the revised secondary obligation definition merit further...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Subparagraph 18(6)(c)(i)

Paragraph 18(6)(d)

Articles

Jason Boland, Christopher Montes, "A Detailed Review of the Back-to-Back Loan Rules", 2016 Conference Report (Canadian Tax Foundation), 26:1-32

Purposes of the s. 18(6)(d) de minimis rule (p. 26:5)

[There] is a de minimis requirement that ensures that the back-to-back rule applies only if...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Shane Onufrechuk, Warren Pashkowick, "Tax Considerations of Major Construction Projects", 2014 Conference Report, Canadian Tax Foundation, 10:1-35.

Simplified overview of rule (p. 10:13)

[A] safe harbour exists when the intermediary debt represents less than 25 percent of the Canadian debt,...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Subsection 18(7) - Partnership debts

Administrative Policy

28 July 2015 External T.I. 2015-0567811E5 - Thin cap rules for members of a partnership

Canco (wholly-owned by NRco) and its wholly-owned subsidiary (Canco Sub) held respective 99.9% and 0.1% interests in the "Partnership" and, before...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 12 - Subsection 12(1) - Paragraph 12(1)(l.1) sale by Cancos of their partnership interests part-way through year did not eliminate their proportionate pick-up of partnership debt 354

Articles

John Tobin, "Infrastructure and P3 Projects", 2017 Conference Report (Canadian Tax Foundation), 10:1-31

Application of thin cap rules to a non-resident (collective investment vehicle) partnership lending to a P3 Projectco (pp. 10:24-25)

[F]or the...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Subsection 18(9) - Limitation respecting prepaid expenses

Cases

Urbandale Realty Corp. Ltd. v. The Queen, 2000 DTC 6118 (FCA)

The taxpayer, a real estate developer, prepaid municipal real estate development charges applicable to one of its residential lots developments....

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 9 - Timing 85

Canderel Ltd. v. R., 98 DTC 6100, [1998] 1 S.C.R. 147, [1998] 2 C.T.C. 35

After noting that tenant inducement payments ("TIPs") were not covered by s. 18(9), Iacobucci J. stated (at p. 6110) that "the fact that...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - General Concepts - Onus 105
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 9 - Accounting Principles not following matching principle accorded with well-accepted business practices 153
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 9 - Timing lease inducement payments currently deductible 124
Tax Topics - Statutory Interpretation - Expressio Unius est Exclusio Alterius inference made from narrow scope of s. 18(9) 34
Tax Topics - Statutory Interpretation - Deference to Parliament/ No judicial legislation presumption against judicial legislation 79

The Queen v. Toronto College Park Ltd., 96 DTC 6407, [1996] 3 CTC 94 (FCA), rev'd 98 DTC 6088 (SCC)

Before finding that s. 18(9) extended to running expenses which, therefore, would not otherwise be subject to the matching principle, Robertson...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

See Also

SPG International Ltée v. R., [1998] 3 CTC 2046, 98 DTC 1706 (TCC)

S.18(9)(b) authorized the deduction in 1991 by the taxpayer of expenses incurred by it in 1990 to participate in a 1991 trade fair.

Administrative Policy

14 March 2024 External T.I. 2015-0596761E5 F - Traitement fiscal

After indicating that it appeared that an expenditure incurred for the anti-theft marking of an automobile used in carrying on a business...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 18 - Subsection 18(1) - Paragraph 18(1)(b) - Capital Expenditure v. Expense - Improvements v. Repairs or Running Expense expenditure on anti-theft marking of car likely would be on current account 202
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 6 - Subsection 6(1) - Paragraph 6(1)(k) - A - Subparagraph A(iv) mandatory requirement for employee notification to employer by end of year 51

2015 Ruling 2015-0601441R3 - XXXXXXXXXX Partnership - winding up

Current structure

Sub1 and Sub2 (both taxable Canadian corporations and wholly-owned subsidiaries of Parent) are currently the sole partners of a...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 98 - Subsection 98(5) 98(5) wind-up through s. 85 transfer of partnership interest of one partner to the other and preceded by debt assumptions 292
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 20 - Subsection 20(1) - Paragraph 20(1)(c) - Subparagraph 20(1)(c)(ii) interest deductible following assumption of interest-bearing internal debt on s. 98(5) wind-up 297
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 34.2 - Subsection 34.2(11) continuation of s. 34.2(11) reserve following partnership wind-up 339
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 20 - Subsection 20(1) - Paragraph 20(1)(m) continued availability of s. 20(1)(m) reserve following s. 98(5) wind-up 296
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 20 - Subsection 20(1) - Paragraph 20(1)(n) flow-through of s. 20(1)(n) reserve on s. 98(5) wind-up 289
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 20 - Subsection 20(24) s. 20(24) election on s. 98(5) wind-up 307
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 147.2 - Subsection 147.2(8) s. 147.2 continuity following s. 98(5) wind-up 368
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 6 - Subsection 6(1) - Paragraph 6(1)(i) no income inclusion on assumption on s. 98(5) wind-up of DSUs and RSUs 356
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 248 - Subsection 248(1) - Salary Deferral Arrangement - Paragraph (k) no income on RSU/DSU assumption 22

28 April 2015 External T.I. 2015-0566011E5 - Whether s. 16.1 applies to a transport truck

After finding that since a transport truck was an exempt property for s. 16.1 purposes, no s. 16.1 election could be made, CRA noted that the...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 16.1 - Subsection 16.1(1) identification of lease based on legal substance/no election for transport truck 209

27 August 2012 Internal T.I. 2012-0442831I7 - Audit referral on prepaid rent

In reviewing a "step-down" lease (i.e., one where the annual lease payments are higher in the initial years), CRA concluded that there was no...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

2 December 2004 External T.I. 2004-0083931E5 F - Frais relatifs à une garantie prolongée

Regarding the deductibility of the cost of an extended warranty on an automobile paid by a self-employed individual, CRA stated:

[T]he costs would...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 8 - Subsection 8(1) - Paragraph 8(1)(h.1) cost of extended car warranty that meets the s. 8(1)(f) or (h.1) conditions is deductible on cash basis 103

30 January 2003 External T.I. 2002-0169785 - PRODUCT LIABILITY INSURANCE

The purchase of a single-premium product liability policy by a manufacturer covering goods manufactured in the year would be subject to s....

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

11 July 1995 Internal T.I. 9505997 - EXTENDED WARRANTY

A client, who purchases an extended warranty on an asset that will be used for business purposes, will be required to apply s. 18(9) "where the...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

14 June 1994 External T.I. 9409775 - SINGLE PREMIUM ON A GROUP TERM LIFE INSUR FOR RETIRE

A single group term life insurance premium paid by an employer in the situation where the coverage is obtained during the ongoing employment of an...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

1994 A.P.F.F. Round Table, Q. 36

Where after paying annual municipal taxes of $1,000 for five years, the taxpayer is offered two options - continue to pay municipal local...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

25 October 1990 T.I. (Tax Window, Prelim. No. 1, p. 19, ¶1017)

Where an employer discharges its obligation to provide life insurance coverage to retired employees by purchasing a single premium insurance...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

29 January 1990 T.I. (June 1990 Access Letter, ¶1250)

Where an up-front fee is paid by a bank to another financial institution in respect of an interest-rate cap, no deduction may be made in the year...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

89 C.M.TC - Q.4

for the 1989 and prior years, RC will accept that an interest buy-down payment which is made in the middle of a mortgage term and which was not...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 249 - Subsection 249(1) 65

84 C.R. - Q.68

Where the party that was to provide prepaid services has gone out of business, with the result that the taxpayer is unable to recover the prepaid...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

IT-417R2 "Prepaid Expenses and Deferred Charges"

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 18 - Subsection 18(9.2) 0

Articles

Joseph Frankovic, "The Income Tax Treatment of Prepaid Expenses and Similar Costs: A Time Value Analysis", 2000 Canadian Tax Journal, Vol. 48, No. 5, p. 1371.

Paragraph 18(9)(a)

Subparagraph 18(9)(a)(iii)

Administrative Policy

23 May 2003 External T.I. 2002-0172205 F - FIDUCIE DE BIEN-RE&S

An employer which made a commitment to its employees to provide benefits as drug reimbursement, paying for certain health services and reimbursing...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Subsection 18(9.02)

Administrative Policy

29 May 2001 External T.I. 2000-0055915 F - DEDUCTIBILITE DES COMMISSIONS - ASSURANCE

Generally, commission expenses paid before 2000 by an insurer in respect of property and casualty insurance policies were deductible in the year...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Subsection 18(9.1) - Penalties, bonuses and rate-reduction payments

Administrative Policy

27 January 2017 External T.I. 2013-0482351E5 - Clause 95(2)(a)(ii)(D)

CRA indicated that where a loan from one controlled foreign affiliate (FA Finco) of Canco to a second CFA of Canco (FA Holdco) meets the...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 95 - Subsection 95(2) - Paragraph 95(2)(a) - Subparagraph 95(2)(a)(ii) - Clause 95(2)(a)(ii)(D) s. 95(2)(a)(ii)(D) can recharacterize a loan prepayment penalty as active business income 460
Tax Topics - Income Tax Regulations - Regulation 5907 - Subsection 5907(2.7) loan prepayment penalty fully deducted from surplus when paid 161

11 January 2013 External T.I. 2012-0436771E5 - Sale of a business

The sole shareholder of Aco is required under the terms of the share sale agreement to repay, in full, at closing, a bank loan owing by Aco and an...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 20 - Subsection 20(1) - Paragraph 20(1)(e) continued deduction where debt settlement by shareholder rather than taxpayer 24
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 40 - Subsection 40(1) - Paragraph 40(1)(a) - Subparagraph 40(1)(a)(i) sale agreement required loan prepayment penalty 68

30 March 2007 External T.I. 2005-0129061E5 - Payment for interest reduction

The portion of a payment made to reduce the interest rate on a loan will not be deductible to the extent that it exceeds the present value of...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

23 November 2005 External T.I. 2005-0156071E5 - deductibility of prepayments under s. 18(9.1)

Where part way through the term of a mortgage borrowing the taxpayer prepays the mortgage upon payment of a prepayment penalty equal to six...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

30 September 2003 Internal T.I. 2003-0023137 - DETERMINING THE PENALTY AMOUNT

Upon an acquistion of control of a taxable Canadian corporation (the "Debtor"), it was required to make an offer to repurchase its (Cdn.$) Class A...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

15 May 2003 External T.I. 2003-0011615 - AMORTIZATION PRESENT VALUE BASIS

Discussion of proposal to switch method of amortization of penalty or bonus from straight-line method to present value method.

18 April 2002 Internal T.I. 2002-0118827 F - DEBENTURES CONVERTIBLES

Regarding the potential application of s. 18(9.1) to a premium paid on the early cash redemption of convertible debentures, the Directorate...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 20 - Subsection 20(1) - Paragraph 20(1)(f) no s. 20(1)(f)(ii) deduction on conversion of convertible debentures notwithstanding attempt in resolution to fix the issued shares’ stated capital at their market value 179
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 89 - Subsection 89(1) - Paid-Up Capital PUC of shares issued on debenture conversion equal to consideration stated in debenture indenture and in financial statements, rather than the FMV of shares stated in resolution 178
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 18 - Subsection 18(1) - Paragraph 18(1)(b) - Capital Expenditure v. Expense - Financing Expenditures premium on redemption of convertible debentures was not deductible on current account 60

27 July 2001 External T.I. 2001-0090305 F - PENALITE-REMBOURSEMENT D'UN EMPRUNT

In the course of a general discussion of the deductibility of an early loan prepayment charge made to an individual, CCRA indicated:

  • The penalty...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

13 September 2000 External T.I. 2000-0036825 - REPURCHASE OF DEBENTURES ON OPEN MARKET

S.18(9.1)(d) would not characterize a premium paid for a bond purchased by the issuer in the open market in the normal manner as a bonus payable...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

24 April 1998 External T.I. 9802565 - PENALTY PAYMENT IN RESPECT OF BORROWING

"A prepayment penalty incurred by a taxpayer who borrows money from one arm's length party to pay a pre-existing debt owing to another arm's...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

1998 Ruling 98021433 - REPAYMENT OF INDEBT. 18(9.1) ON REFINANC.

A Canadian corporation (Opco) borrows under a public offering of "New Bonds"in order to to make a cash tender offer at a premium for the "Existing...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

1996 Ruling 961368

With respect to a situation where a taxable Canadian corporation made an offer to purchase at a premium outstanding notes that were eligible for...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

23 October 1995 Internal T.I. 9503766 - PV OR STRAIGHT LINE

"Both the straight line and the present value method of amortization are acceptable for the purposes of subsection 18(9.1)."

26 October 1994 Internal T.I. 9425876 - PREPAYMENT PENALTY

S.18(9.1) originally was intended as an alleviating measure for farmers who prepaid their loans but were denied a deduction for the portion of the...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

21 October 1993 T.I. 932532

Where penalty payments are made in order to pay off a mortgage, or reduce the interest rate on a mortgage, prior to the sale of the mortgaged...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

19 August 1992 Memorandum 922019 (Tax Window, No. 23, p. 14, ¶2156)

S.18(9.1) applies to a bonus or a penalty payment on the early redemption of debentures, provided that it was not paid to extend the term of the...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

14 August 1992 Internal T.I. 7-921593

General discussion of requirements the satisfaction of which permit the deduction of a bonus payment on a straight-line basis over the period of...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

4 May 1992 Tax Executive's Institute Roundtable, Q. 11, No. 92063651 (December 1992 Access Letter, p. 49)

A bonus paid on early repayment of a debt obligation should be deducted on a straight-line basis over the period during which the obligation would...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

1 May 1992 T.I. 920313

With respect to a situation where a Canadian corporation repaid a bank loan out of the proceeds of a long-term debenture and incurred an early...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

9 January 1992 Memorandum 9718371 (Tax Window, No. 15, p. 6, ¶1677)

Bonuses paid by borrowers in a money-lending business on the early retirement of obligations are now governed by s. 18(9.1).

Articles

Jim Samuel, Byron Beswick, "Selected Issues in Transactions Involving Debt", 2019 Conference Report (Canadian Tax Foundation), 18:1 – 27

No s. 18(9.1) deduction for penalty incurred on disposition of property (p. 18:16)

[T]he CRA’s general view is that a penalty that is incurred...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Frankovic, "Deduction of Prepaid Interest, Interest Rate Buy-Downs and Early Repayment Penalties", Tax Topics, No. 1292, December 12, 1996, p. 1.

Ulmer, "Taxation of Interest Income", 1990 Conference Report, c. 8.

Paragraph 18(9.1)(a)

Administrative Policy

31 May 2018 External T.I. 2018-0755631E5 - Substitution of debt, paragraph 18(9.1)(a)

A taxpayer who has a loan with an arm’s-length financial institution, obtains a new loan from another arm’s-length financial institution, the...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

29 May 2017 Internal T.I. 2017-0689161I7 - Paragraph 18(9.1)(a) - paying debt with new debt

The “Taxpayer,” a listed public company, issued Series A Debentures (the “SAD”), and subsequently issued Series B Debentures (the...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

4 December 2002 Internal T.I. 2002-0138067 F - REMPLACEMENT D'UNE CREANCE PAR UNE AUTRE

A corporation repaid an unsecured debenture with surplus cash and by drawing down on a revolving line of credit. Did the exclusion in s....

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Subsection 18(9.2) - Interest on debt obligations

Administrative Policy

2 December 1992 Memorandum (Tax Window, No. 30, p. 9, ¶2484)

S.18(9.2) will not apply to a zero coupon bond issued to investors at a price equal to the net present value of the face value payable on...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

IT-417R2 "Prepaid Expenses and Deferred Charges"

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 18 - Subsection 18(9) 0

Articles

Richardson, "Tax Amendments Facilitate Issue of Synthetic Zero Coupon Debt", Corporate Finance, Vol. 1, No. 1, 1992, p. 8: Discussion of WIC and Rogers' LYONs transactions.

Novek, "Deductibility of Financing Expenses", 1992 Corporation Management Tax Conference, C.3.

Subsection 18(9.7) - Idem [Interest on debt obligations]

Administrative Policy

30 March 2007 External T.I. 2005-0129061E5 - Payment for interest reduction

S.18(9.7) does not apply where a payment is made for a reduction in the rate of interest payable on a loan.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 18 - Subsection 18(9.1) PV excess 36

Subsection 18(10) - Employee benefit plan

Administrative Policy

2 May 1990 Memorandum (October 1990 Access Letter)

Discussion of a plan available to both resident and non-resident athletes who play games both in Canada and the U.S.

Subsection 18(11) - Limitation

Paragraph 18(11)(c)

See Also

Walton v. MNR, 89 DTC 423, [1989] 2 CTC 2335 (TCC)

A retiring civil servant, who purchased a past service pension the cost of which was payable by him over a 20-year period in monthly payments over...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Subsection 18(12) - Work space in home

See Also

Larouche v. Agence du revenu du Québec, 2023 QCCQ 3350

In deducting his home office expenses, the taxpayer determined the portion of his home that was used in his business of providing electrical...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

DiCaita v. The Queen, 2021 TCC 5 (Informal Procedure)

In denying the taxpayer’s deduction of home office expenses of around $3,500 per annum allegedly incurred in managing his two small rental...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 18 - Subsection 18(1) - Paragraph 18(1)(b) - Capital Expenditure v. Expense - Improvements v. Repairs or Running Expense reconditioning of rental unit allowed as deductible expense 242
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 18 - Subsection 18(1) - Paragraph 18(1)(a) - Income-Producing Purpose expenses of flight, at the conclusion of Las Vegas vacation followed by attending at a rental property in Phoenix, from Phoenix back home were deductible 284
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 3 - Paragraph 3(a) - Business Source/Reasonable Expectation of Profit rental unit was a source of income even when not rentable due to on-going renovations 77

Doleman v. The Queen, 2011 DTC 1257 [at 1474], 2011 TCC 349 (Informal Procedure)

The taxpayer carried on a bed and breakfast operation in his home. V.A. Miller J. affirmed the Minister's assessment that the taxpayer's...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Arbeau v. The Queen, 2010 DTC 1203 [at 3526], 2010 TCC 307 (Informal Procedure)

The repairing by the taxpayer of electronic appliances primarily at his home was found to be a separate business from his contract for BC Hydro of...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Ryan v. The Queen, 2006 DTC 2738, 2006 TCC 132 (Informal Procedure)

The taxpayer, a physiotherapist, worked full time at one physiotherapy clinic, and performed primarily management and administrative functions...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Words and Phrases
meeting

Jenkins v. The Queen, 2005 DTC 384, 2005 TCC 167 (Informal Procedure)

In finding that the principal place of business for the taxpayers, who carried on through a partnership a fishing business using two boats owned...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Words and Phrases
principal business

Rudiak v. The Queen, 2000 DTC 3901 (TCC)

McArthur J. stated (at paras. 8-9):

The bed and breakfast guest premises and the Appellant's living area were physically separate. The business...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Sudbrack v. The Queen, 2000 DTC 2521 (TCC)

Extensive renovations were made to a house on the edge of a New Brunswick harbour in order that it could serve as a guest house. Five bedrooms...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Administrative Policy

27 October 2014 External T.I. 2012-0471391E5 F - Entreposage d'inventaire à domicile

A commissioned employee uses his home as his principal place of business. He has a home office as well as having inventory storage space either in...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 8 - Subsection 8(13) inventory storage part of work place 98

1 May 2012 External T.I. 2012-0436401E5 F - Frais de bureau à domicile

Can a self-employed worker who has a home office for meeting clients deduct a portion of the "permanent works" or "local improvements" taxes paid...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

26 July 2010 External T.I. 2010-0364721E5 F - Revenus de bien et d'entreprise

Before concluding that “the operator of a bed and breakfast, who has a personal residence in which bed and breakfast rooms are rented out on a...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Words and Phrases
income from a business
Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Regulations - Regulation 1100 - Subsection 1100(14) rental property restriction rule applies to business properties as well/"principally" references over 50% of the time 127
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 3 - Paragraph 3(a) - Business Source/Reasonable Expectation of Profit reduction of personal expenses is not the pursuit of profit 97

24 May 2007 Internal T.I. 2007-0235681I7 F - Frais de bureau à domicile

The Directorate confirmed that, notwithstanding Jha, it maintains its position that the deduction restriction in s. 18(12) apply only where the...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

25 November 2004 External T.I. 2004-0079751E5 F - Dépenses d'une auberge limitées par 18(12)

Mr. A and Mr. B own a building in which their spouses, Ms. A and Ms. B, operate an inn. Ms. A and Ms. B stay at the inn on a weekday basis while...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 96 pro rata rent received by the 2 equal partners of a partnership operating an inn jointly owned by them would not be respected as rent 197

29 September 2004 Internal T.I. 2004-0067311I7 F - Bureau à domicile

A dentist lives on the first floor of his residence but uses the basement solely for his practice. Some common expenses which were incurred for...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

20 September 2001 External T.I. 2001-0070705 F - ETABLISSEMNT DOMESTIQUE AUTONOME

Regarding a structure, used as an individual’s work place, attached to the individual's principal residence, CCRA indicated that the premises...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 248 - Subsection 248(1) - Self-Contained Domestic Establishment self-contained domestic establishment is a living unit with restricted access containing a kitchen, bathroom, and sleeping facilities 66

2 March 1994 External T.I. 9403515 - OFFICE IN HOME EXPENSES - PROPERTY TAX COMMERCIAL ASSESS.

A statutory amendment would be required before RC could require proof of a commercial assessment before permitting a business a deduction in...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Articles

Gael Melville, Lucie Champagne, Yves Plante, "Tax Considerations for the Newly-Self-Employed", 2011 Canadian Tax Journal, Vol 59, p. 843

General discussion including of issues arising from claiming CCA.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 5 - Subsection 5(1) 23

Paragraph 18(12)(a)

Administrative Policy

S4-F2-C2 - Business Use of Home Expenses

Meaning of principal place of business

2.11 ... The word principal is not defined in the Act but in this context is generally understood to refer...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Words and Phrases
principal meeting

Subparagraph 18(12)(a)(ii)

Administrative Policy

16 August 2022 CPAC Roundtable Q. 10, 2022-0946251C6 - Home Office Expenses

S. 18(12)(a)(ii) provides that no expenses related to a work space in the home can be deducted from income from a business unless the work space...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Locations of other summaries Wordcount
Tax Topics - Income Tax Act - Section 8 - Subsection 8(13) - Paragraph 8(13)(a) - Subparagraph 8(13)(a)(ii) s. 8(13)(a)(ii) does not extend to virtual meetings 114

Paragraph 18(12)(b)

Administrative Policy

S4-F2-C2 - Business Use of Home Expenses

Apportionment of expenses

2.18 The expenses should be apportioned between business and non-business use on a reasonable basis. A reasonable...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Paragraph 18(12)(c)

Administrative Policy

S4-F2-C2 - Business Use of Home Expenses

Business-by-business carryforward

2.42 ...

Example 5

... Mrs. D decides to close her nail salon business in Year 4 and replace it with a...

The text of this content is paywalled except for the first five days of each month. Subscribe or log in for unrestricted access.

Subsection 18(13) - When s. (15) applies to money lenders

Administrative Policy

5 February 1990 T.I. (July 1990 Access Letter, ¶1315)

The relationship between ss.18(13) and 20(1)(l) is discussed.

Subsection 18(19)

Administrative Policy