Principal Issues:
Whether a capital loss is deemed to be nil under 40(3.4)(a) in the following situation:
1. A public corporation ("Parentco") owns XXXXXXXXXX % of the issued and outstanding shares of another public corporation ("Subco").
2. The remaining XXXXXXXXXX % of the issued and outstanding shares of Subco are held by the public.
3. The fair market value of the Subco shares held by Parentco is less than its adjusted cost base.
4. The following series of transactions were undertaken in order to make Subco become "private":
a. Step 1: Parentco incorporated a new corporation ("Newco").
b. Step 2: Parentco transferred its Subco shares to Newco at FMV and realized a $XXXXXXXXXX capital loss. Newco issued preferred shares to Parentco as sole consideration for this transfer.
c. Step 3: Within 30 days of the disposition of the Subco shares by Parentco, Subco and Newco merged ("Mergerco"). On the merger, shares of its capital stock were issued by Parentco to the public (Triangular amalgamation under subsection 87(9)).
Position: Parentco's capital loss is denied by subsection 40(3.4) of the act.
Reasons: The Subco shares (i.e., the "substituted property") were still owned by a person affiliated with Parentco at the end of the period referred to in paragraph 40(3.3)(c) since paragraph 40(3.5)(c) applies to deem Mergerco to own the Subco shares (until such time that Parentco and Mergerco cease to be affiliated). In the context of 40(3.3), (3.4) and (3.5), the term "apply to" under 40(3.5)(c) means "relate to", its synonym. The context being that: