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This translation was prepared by Tax Interpretations Inc. The CRA did not issue this document in the language in which it now appears, and is not responsible for any errors in its translation that might impact a reader’s understanding of it or the position(s) taken therein. See also the general Disclaimer below.
Principal Issues: 1) In a given scenario, whether two corporations would be "relevant group entities", with respect to the sale of subject shares? ; 2) Whether the fact that a parent retains control of a corporation that owns the building that is used in the business of a relevant group entity would invalidate the exception sought under subsection 84.1(2.31)?
Position: 1) No, provided the two corporations do not carry on an active business at the disposition time ; 2) General comments provided. Depending on the facts, if it is concluded that the parent retains de facto control of the relevant group entity, the transfer would not satisfy the requirements in subparagraph 84.1(2.31)(c)(iii).
Reasons: The Law.
XXXXXXXXXX 2025-106255
S. Lemieux
December 15, 2025
XXXXXXXXXX,
Subject: Concept of a relevant group entity
This is in response to your letter dated April 11, 2025, in which you asked for our opinion on the concept of a relevant group entity, as defined in subsections 84.1(2.31) and 84.1(2.32) of the Income Tax Act, R.S.C. (1985), c. 1, (5th Supp.) (the "Act"). Unless otherwise indicated, all references to legislation in this letter are references to the provisions of the Act.
Background
You have submitted the following hypothetical situation to us:
• A Inc., B Inc., C Inc. and D Inc. are Canadian-controlled private corporations within the meaning of subsection 125(7);
• Mr. X is the father of Child Y and Child Z, who are of legal age;
• Trust X is a discretionary trust whose beneficiaries are Mr. X, Child Y, Child Z and any corporation controlled by those persons;
• Mr. X holds all of the voting shares of the capital stock of A Inc., B Inc. and D Inc., the value of which is minimal;
• Mr. X also holds preferred shares of the capital stock of A Inc., which are of substantial value and have a minimal adjusted cost base (the "Preferred Shares");
• Trust X holds all of the participating and non-voting shares of the capital stock of A Inc., B Inc. and D Inc.;
• All of the issued shares in the capital stock of C Inc. are owned by B Inc.;
• D Inc. is an operating corporation that qualifies as a small business corporation within the meaning of subsection 248(1);
• C Inc. has no employees and its only asset is a building that is used exclusively in the activities of D Inc. C Inc.'s sole activity is the leasing of the building to D Inc., for which rent is paid;
• B Inc. has no assets other than its investment in the shares of C Inc.;
• A Inc. has advances receivable from B Inc., C Inc. and D Inc.;
• A Inc. has no assets that are otherwise used by B Inc., C Inc. and D Inc.;
• the shares of the capital stock of A Inc. qualify as qualified small business corporation shares ("QSBCS") within the meaning of subsection 110.6(1), but only when considering the advances receivable from B Inc., C Inc. and D Inc.;
• Mr. X has never availed himself of the exception provided for in paragraph 84.1(2)(e) (the "Exception");
• Mr. X wishes to sell the shares of capital stock of A Inc. and D Inc. that he holds to a corporation controlled by Child Y and Child Z (“Buyco”);
• Mr. X will use the capital gains deduction provided for in subsection 110.6(2.1) in relation to the disposition of the Preferred Shares. He intends to claim the Exception in relation to the sale of those same shares, based on subsection 84.1(2.31).
• The participating non-voting shares of the capital stock of A Inc. and D Inc. will be distributed by Trust X to Buyco.
• Mr. X will retain his voting shares of the capital stock of B Inc., and Trust X will retain its participating non-voting shares of the capital stock of B Inc.
Your Questions
You have submitted the following questions to us:
1) Given that A Inc. has advances receivable from B Inc. and C Inc. and that those advances are necessary for A Inc.'s shares to qualify as QSBCSs, could B Inc. and C Inc. be considered relevant group entities ("RGEs") within the meaning of subparagraph 84.1(2.31)(c)(iii)?
2) If so, would the repayment of the advances by B Inc. and C Inc. to A Inc. result in those entities no longer being RGEs, with respect to the disposition of the shares of the capital stock of A Inc.?
3) If so, what would be the required time period between the repayment of the advances and the sale of the shares of A Inc. in order for B Inc. and C Inc. to no longer be considered RGEs?
4) D Inc. would be a RGE in relation to the disposition of the shares of A Inc. Would the fact that Mr. X retains control of C Inc., which owns the building housing D Inc.'s operations, in itself prevent Mr. X from availing himself of the Exception?
Our Comments
This technical interpretation provides general comments about the provisions of the Act and related legislation. It does not confirm the income tax treatment of a particular situation involving a specific taxpayer but is intended to assist you in making that determination. The income tax treatment of particular transactions proposed by a specific taxpayer will only be confirmed by this Directorate in the context of an advance income tax ruling request submitted in the manner set out in Information Circular IC70-6R12, Advance Income Tax Rulings and Technical Interpretations.
Question 1
Our comments on this question relate exclusively to whether a corporation is an RGE in relation to the sale of shares of the capital stock of another corporation that would otherwise qualify as QSBCS. Beyond such qualification, all other conditions set out in subsection 84.1(2.31) should also be satisfied with respect to the sale of shares of the capital stock of a given corporation.
The definition of RGE refers to any person or partnership—other than the corporation in question and the purchaser—that, at the time of disposition, carries on an active business ("AB") that is relevant to determining whether the subject shares are QSBCS or shares of the capital stock of a family farm or fishing corporation.
An entity may be relevant to the qualification of the shares of capital stock of another corporation as QSBCS in several circumstances. However, the definition of RGE does not refer simply to the relevance of the entity, but rather to the relevance of the AB that is carried on by that entity.
Subsection 248(1) defines an AB for the purposes of the Act as any business carried on by the taxpayer other than a specified investment business or a personal services business as defined in subsection 125(7). We note that paragraph 129(6)(b) may cause the rental income earned by C Inc. to be deemed to be income from an AB for the purposes of subsection 129(6) and section 125. Nevertheless, we are of the view that such deeming rule would not result in C Inc. being deemed to carry on an AB for the purposes of subparagraph 84.1(2.31)(c)(iii). In this regard, we refer you to the answer to Question 6 at the CRA Roundtable at the 2025 Annual Conference of the Canadian Tax Foundation. The determination of whether or not an AB exists for a given entity remains a largely factual matter.
To the extent that it was concluded that B Inc. and C Inc. do not carry on an AB, we would consider that they are not relevant group entities within the meaning of subparagraph 84.1(2.31)(c)(iii) in relation to the disposition of the shares of A Inc.
Question 4
One of the conditions for qualifying under subsection 84.1(2.31) relates to control. Paragraph 84.1(2.31)(c) requires that at all times after the disposition time, the taxpayer does not — either alone or together with a spouse or common-law partner of the taxpayer — control, directly or indirectly in any manner whatever, the subject corporation, the purchaser corporation, or any other relevant group entity.
The scope of the expression "controlled, directly or indirectly in any manner whatever" is governed by subsections 256(5.1) and 256(5.11). A conclusion that such control exists is largely based on the factual circumstances of a given situation. However, we are prepared to offer the following general comments.
Paragraph 23 of Interpretation Bulletin IT-64R4 still provides certain relevant factors for determining whether an entity is controlled, directly or indirectly in any manner whatever. In our opinion, the mere ownership of a building in which the operating corporation carries on its activities would not, in itself, be evidence of de facto control of the operating corporation. However, an analysis of all the relevant factual circumstances could lead us to conclude otherwise. In such an exercise, we would consider, among other things, the characteristics of the building and its importance to the operating corporation, the commercial and financial context of the operating corporation, the possibility for the operating corporation to carry on its activities elsewhere and the obstacles to doing so, as well as the applicable legal agreements between the parties.
If it were to transpire that D Inc. was still controlled by Mr. X, directly or indirectly, in any manner whatever, at any time after the sale of the shares of A Inc., the conditions of subsection 84.1(2.31) could not be satisfied.
We hope that our comments will be of assistance to you.
Best regards,
Jean Lafrenière LL.B., LL.M. Tax.
For the Director
Reorganizations Division
Income Tax Rulings Directorate
Legislative Policy and Regulatory Affairs Branch
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