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The Queen, 2022 TCC 29-- summary under Scientific Research & Experimental Development Summary Under Tax Topics- Income Tax Act- Section 248- Subsection 248(1)- Scientific Research & Experimental Development presumption that a taxpayer satisfying the “how” SR&ED tests will also satisfy the “why” test The taxpayer (“Airzone”) provided comprehensive air quality monitoring services to government agencies, international organizations, and businesses. In connection with addressing the CRA denial of SR&ED claims for six of Airzone’s projects, Hogan J made a number of general observations, including that: The taxpayer is required to demonstrate satisfaction both of “how factors,” namely “that the work was carried out by way of systematic investigation or search through experiment and analysis of a hypothesis … [and the] results of the work must also be preserved” (para. 5) and also a “why factor,” namely “that the work was carried out to resolve technical uncertainties that could not be solved through standard procedures and methods” (para. 6). ... “[T]he ‘why factor’ cannot be so strictly applied that only large corporations that employ dedicated research staff can qualify for the SR&ED incentives … [as m]oving the goal post so far afield … would be contrary to the intention of Parliament” (para. 51). ...

., 98 DTC 1836, [1998] 3 CTC 2096 (TCC)-- summary under Payment & Receipt Summary Under Tax Topics- General Concepts- Payment & Receipt creditor may apply payment as it determines if debtor does not 'The taxpayer received two cash payments of $10,000 and $25,000 on an interest-bearing promissory note for $525,000 owing by an arm's length debtor. ...

MNR, 90 DTC 1375, [1990] 1 CTC 2539 (TCC), aff'd 92 DTC 6223 (FCTD), briefly aff'd in turn at 94 DTC 6261 (FCA)-- summary under Rectification & Rescission Summary Under Tax Topics- General Concepts- Rectification & Rescission must give effect to agreement In refusing to recognize a price rectification agreement, Sarchuk, J. stated (p. 1378): "Rectification is an 'equitable remedy' whereby one party to a contract seeks the court's intervention to rectify a written instrument which does not accurately reflect the terms agreed to orally by the parties prior to putting their agreement down in writing... the remedy of rectification is not available to correct a mistaken assumption of fact. ...

The Queen, 2011 DTC 1065 [at at 346], 2011 TCC 41, 2012 TCC 65-- summary under Payment & Receipt Summary Under Tax Topics- General Concepts- Payment & Receipt bonus booked as loan back/constructive receipt The individual taxpayer was found to have received a bonus from a closely-held corporation in the year that the corporation declared the bonus rather than in the subsequent year of payment in light of the withholding and remittance of source deductions on the full amount of the bonus in the first year, the booking by by the corporation in that year of a loan back to it of the net bonus proceeds and the absence of any evidence that this was done without his knowledge or consent. ...

The Queen, 2002 DTC 1749 (TCC)-- summary under Payment & Receipt Summary Under Tax Topics- General Concepts- Payment & Receipt funds to support cheques Miller T.C.J. noted that with respect to the situation where the taxpayer, which owed approximately $60 million in accrued interest, paid $60 million to the creditor at the same time that the creditor paid $60 million to the taxpayer as an addition to the advances owing by the taxpayer, that he had difficulty identifying any moment in time at which the taxpayer did not owe $60 million to the creditor. ...

The Queen, 95 DTC 194, [1994] 2 CTC 2416 (TCC)-- summary under Payment & Receipt Summary Under Tax Topics- General Concepts- Payment & Receipt book entry did not give rise to receipt In finding that the redesignation of a 'bonus payable' to 'due to shareholder' did not constitute the receipt of an amount giving rise to income in the taxpayer's hands, Bowman TCJ. stated (at p.196): "Nor can I accept that the mere bookkeeping entry of moving the amount of bonus owing to Mr. ...

The Queen, 2016 TCC 137-- summary under Payment & Receipt Summary Under Tax Topics- General Concepts- Payment & Receipt funds in leveraged donation scheme essentially advanced by lender directly to charity A Quistclose trust (as described by C. ...

The Queen, 2018 TCC 189 (Informal Procedure)-- summary under Payment & Receipt Summary Under Tax Topics- General Concepts- Payment & Receipt taxpayer had "physically" received govenment assistance funds with freedom to transfer Although all the conditions for the receipt of government assistance had not yet been (and never were) satisfied, Campbell J found that the taxpayer had “physically acquired” the funds in question through depositing a cheque to a trust account of its own formation and thereafter disbursed the funds out of the account to fund its project without any practical hindrance by the government foundation in question (which appeared to have waived the condition referred to above). ...

The Queen, 2019 TCC 135-- summary under Payment & Receipt Summary Under Tax Topics- General Concepts- Payment & Receipt advance on another party’s behalf established a loan The taxpayer (“Black”) controlled both Hollinger Inc. ...

The Queen, 2018 TCC 1 (Informal Procedure)-- summary under Payment & Receipt Summary Under Tax Topics- General Concepts- Payment & Receipt giving a spouse access to a joint account was not payment to her The taxpayer was a market dealer with a securities dealer (“WCM”), which provided support in the form of an assistant, shared with others and it answered “no” to the question in the T2200 as to whether the contract of employment required the taxpayer to pay for an assistant. ... Miller J dismissed the case, finding (at paras 11, 13 and 14): … There are no cheques to Ms. ... I conclude there is not. … I do not see how anything has been paid or expended to Ms. ...