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This translation was prepared by Tax Interpretations Inc. The CRA did not issue this document in the language in which it now appears, and is not responsible for any errors in its translation that might impact a reader’s understanding of it or the position(s) taken therein. See also the general Disclaimer below.
Principal Issues: [TaxInterpretations translation] What happens where an existing partner of a limited partnership acquires a larger interest in the LP?
Position: This is likely a capital contribution. We believe that subsection 69(1) could apply to the transaction. The difference between the amount paid and the value of the units would be added to the ACB of the partner's interest to the extent that the partner would not have conferred a benefit on the general partner by subscribing for LP units.
Reasons: The Income Tax Act.
FEDERAL TAX ROUNDTABLE
APFF CONFERENCE 2010
Question 19
Subscription to units of a limited partnership
GP Inc. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Partner Inc. Partner Inc. and GP Inc. hold, respectively, 99 units and 1 unit of a limited partnership (LP). Immediately prior to the transactions described below, LP’s balance sheet on a fair market value (FMV) is as follows: its total assets are $2,000; it has liabilities of $100,000 to a financial institution, and of $10,000 to other third parties; and its deficit is $108,000.
In order to repay the bank debt, the following transactions are carried out: (i) Partner Inc. subscribes for 100 units of LP for $100,000 and (ii) LP uses that amount to repay its bank indebtedness. As a result of these transactions, LP's balance sheet on an FMV basis is as follows: the amount of its assets is $2,000; the amount of its liabilities is $10,000; and its deficit is $8,000.
The definition of "adjusted cost base" (ACB) is set out in section 54:
adjusted cost base to a taxpayer of any property at any time means, except as otherwise provided,
(a) where the property is depreciable property of the taxpayer, the capital cost to the taxpayer of the property as of that time, and
(b) in any other case, the cost to the taxpayer of the property adjusted, as of that time, in accordance with section 53, (our emphasis)
Where a property has been acquired, the cost of the property to a taxpayer is generally the price paid by the taxpayer to obtain the property. Assuming that, at the time of subscription, Partner Inc. acquired 100 LP units, their cost to Partner Inc. would be $100,000.
However, paragraph 69(1)(a), which provides as follows, could result in the cost of the property being nil:
Except as expressly otherwise provided in this Act,
(a) where a taxpayer has acquired anything from a person with whom the taxpayer was not dealing at arm’s length at an amount in excess of the fair market value thereof at the time the taxpayer so acquired it, the taxpayer shall be deemed to have acquired it at that fair market value; (our emphasis)
Where the property is an interest in a partnership, the ACB of the interest is adjusted in accordance with paragraphs 53(1)(e) and 53(2)(c). Specifically, subparagraph 53(1)(e)(iv) provides for an increase in the ACB of the interest in a partnership:
[...] where the taxpayer has, after 1971, made a contribution of capital to the partnership otherwise than by way of loan, such part of the amount of the contribution as cannot reasonably be regarded as a benefit conferred on any other member of the partnership who was related to the taxpayer, (our emphasis)
Assuming that at the time of subscription, Partner Inc. had not acquired any property and that the $100,000 is a capital contribution to LP, the ACB of Partner Inc.'s interest in LP would be increased by $100,000.
Our interpretation of the applicable provisions of the Act
The CRA has indicated in the publication (footnote 1) Income Tax Technical News No. 25 and in Technical Interpretation 2008-0297011 (footnote 2) that all of a member's units in a partnership are one and the same property of the member, which represents the member's interest in the partnership for the purposes of the Act. Under that interpretation, the additional 100 units issued to Partner Inc. do not therefore represent the acquisition of property for the purposes of the Act, since the LP units held by Partner Inc. (the 99 units before the transactions and the 199 units after the transactions) constitute one and the same property. As a result, paragraph 69(1)(a) would not apply since it requires that a property be acquired.
The term "contribution of capital" is not defined in the Act. However, the CRA has commented on the term "contribution of capital" in paragraph 53(1)(c). In sum, that paragraph provides for an addition to the ACB of a share of a corporation where the taxpayer has made a "contribution of capital" to the corporation that increases the FMV of the taxpayer's shares. In paragraph 2 of Interpretation Bulletin IT-456R (footnote 3) - Capital Property - Some Adjustments to Cost Base (the Bulletin), the CRA provides the following comments with respect to the term "contribution of capital" for the purposes of paragraph 53(1)(c):
[...] The expression "contribution of capital" is not defined in the Act. It is the Department's view that a transaction that otherwise increases the capital of a corporation without any consideration being given by the corporation in respect of that increase may result in a contribution of capital for the purposes of paragraph 53(1)(c). For example, a contribution of capital occurs where a shareholder has fully paid for no-par shares and subsequently agrees to make an additional contribution to the corporation (e.g., to remove a deficit or to provide funds for expansion without the issuance of any additional shares). (our emphasis)
In addition, in paragraph 6 of the same Bulletin (footnote 4), the CRA states:
Where treasury shares are acquired from a corporation in a non-arm's length transaction at a price that is greater than their fair market value, the cost of the shares is reduced under paragraph 69(1)(a) to that fair market value. The difference between the price paid for the shares and their fair market value is considered to be a contribution of capital for the purpose of paragraph 53(1)(c) provided the contribution results in some increase in the value of all the shares of the corporation owned by the shareholder.
Subparagraph 53(1)(e)(iv) provides for an increase in the ACB of a partnership interest where the taxpayer has made a "contribution of capital" to the partnership for the portion of the contribution that is not a benefit conferred on another member of the partnership who was related to the taxpayer. Unlike paragraph 53(1)(c), subparagraph 53(1)(e)(iv) does not require that the contribution increase the FMV of the partnership interest. Given that the additional 100 units do not represent the acquisition of property, the subscription of 100 units for $100,000 represents an increase in the capital of LP without any consideration being provided by LP. Partner Inc. has thus made a "contribution of capital" to LP and the amount of $100,000 will have to be taken into account in computing the ACB of Partner Inc.'s interest in LP pursuant to subparagraph 53(1)(e)(iv).
Even if paragraph 69(1)(a) applied to the subscription for 100 LP units, the difference between $100,000 and the FMV of the 100 LP units ($0), i.e., $100,000, would be considered a contribution of capital for the purposes of subparagraph 53(1)(e)(iv).
Questions to the CRA
(a) In order for paragraph 69(1)(a) to apply, a taxpayer must acquire property from a person with whom the taxpayer was not dealing at arm's length. Can the CRA confirm our interpretation that the additional 100 units do not constitute an acquisition of property by Partner Inc. for the purposes of paragraph 69(1)(a) and that the $100,000 represents a "contribution of capital" by Partner Inc. to LP for the purposes of subparagraph 53(1)(e)(iv)?
(b) In the event that the CRA is of the opinion that despite the reasons described above, paragraph 69(1)(a) still applies to the subscription for the 100 LP units, would the CRA consider, having regard to its position described in paragraph 6 of the Bulletin in the situation where an interest in a corporation is acquired for more than its FMV, that the difference between the cost of acquiring the additional 100 units and their FMV, i.e., the amount of $100,000, would be a "contribution of capital" made to LP for the purposes of subparagraph 53(1)(e)(iv)?
CRA Response
Generally, the capital of a partnership means all amounts contributed by the members of the partnership for the purpose of carrying on the partnership business. In addition, the capital of a partnership is not synonymous with the property belonging to the partnership. For there to be a contribution of capital to a partnership, it is therefore imperative that there be a contribution of either money or property.
In order for subsection 69(1) to apply to a transaction between a member of a partnership and the partnership, there must be a non-arm's length relationship between the member and the partnership. Whether the member and the partnership are not dealing with each other at arm's length under paragraph 251(1)(c) is a question of fact. Furthermore, subsection 69(1) will only apply if there is an acquisition of property.
In this case, we believe that the partner, in consideration for the $100,000 payment, acquired a greater interest in the partnership by acquiring part of a property. We believe that subsection 69(1) could apply to the acquisition of part of a property, especially since the wording of that provision uses the word "anything".
In this case, to the extent that Partner Inc. has not conferred a benefit on GP Inc. by subscribing for LP units, if the units issued have a value that is less than their issue price, that value (in this case $0), determined in accordance with paragraph 69(1)(a), will be added to the cost of the units. The difference between the amount paid and the value of the units will be added to the ACB of the interest pursuant to paragraph 53(1)(e)(iv).
Whether Partner Inc. could have conferred a benefit on GP Inc. in order to reduce the amount that can be added to the ACB of the interest under subparagraph 53(1)(e)(iv) is a question of fact.
François Bordeleau
(613) 957-8972
October 8, 2010
2010-037337.
FOOTNOTES
Due to our system requirements, footnotes contained in the original document are reproduced below:
1 Canada Revenue Agency, Technical News No. 25, Oct. 30, 2002, Q6.
2 Canada Revenue Agency, Technical Interpretation, 2008-01297011
3 Canada Revenue Agency, Interpretation Bulletin, IT456R - Capital Property - Some Adjustments to Cost Base, July 9, 1990.
4 Id, para. 6.
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