Docket: IMM-1417-14
Citation:
2014 FC 1227
[UNREVISED ENGLISH CERTIFIED TRANSLATION]
Ottawa, Ontario, December 17, 2014
PRESENT: The Honourable Mr. Justice Harrington
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BETWEEN:
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PATRICIA NOGBOUT
KONAN WILFRIED CAMILLE GNANDRI KOUAKOU AFFOUE SANDRINE AURORE
GNANDRI KOUAKOU DEKAWILI MARIE KEHILA PRUNELLE
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Applicants
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and
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THE MINISTER OF CITIZENSHIP
AND IMMIGRATION
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Respondent
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JUDGMENT AND REASONS
[1]
One of the objectives of the Immigration
and Refugee Protection Act is “to see that families
are reunited in Canada” (paragraph 3(1)(d)). In 2004, when Ms.
Nogbout came to Canada, she left two of her five children in Côte d’Ivoire. She
did not even declare them to the Canadian authorities. She now wishes to be reunited
in Canada with her daughter Sandrine and her son Wilfried, whom she has not
seen since 2001, and with Dekawili Marie, Sandrine’s daughter. Her
children are still in Côte d’Ivoire and have never been to Canada.
[2]
Ms. Nogbout cannot sponsor them as
members of the family class because she did not declare them as non-accompanying
family members in her application for permanent residence; thus, they could not
be examined (Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations, subsection 117(9)).
[3]
Nevertheless, the Minister may, on
humanitarian and compassionate grounds, grant Ms. Nogbout’s two children
and her granddaughter permanent resident status (IRPA, section 25.1). However,
the officer who reviewed the file denied the application. This is the judicial
review of that decision.
[4]
In 2010, as she did when she came to
Canada in 2004, Ms. Nogbout did not declare her son and daughter when she
obtained permanent resident status. She justified that omission on the grounds
that she and her common-law spouse separated. The children stayed with the
former spouse, who did not allow her any contact with them until 2010. Since
then, she has contributed financially to their well-being but, apparently, could
not afford to visit them.
[5]
The officer assessed Ms. Nogbout’s
situation, her reasons for not declaring the children in the beginning (in
2004) or later (in 2010), and her limited financial means.
[6]
He also considered the fact that Ms.
Nogbout’s former spouse had remarried and that there seemed to be animosity
between the new spouse and the children.
[7]
He also determined that there was nothing
to suggest that the father of Ms. Nogbout’s granddaughter was unable to
contribute to her well-being. He thus concluded the following:
[translation]
I am not convinced that the applicant has met
the onus of demonstrating that the best interests of the children would be to
be with their mother in Canada rather than with their father, who has looked
after them for years.
[8]
Recently, as noted by the Federal Court of
Appeal in Seshaw v Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration),
2014 FCA 181 at paragraph 23, in assessing humanitarian and compassionate
grounds, the focus shifts from the sponsor to the sponsored.
[9]
The decision was not unreasonable. The wicked
stepmother is a universal theme. Charles Perrault wrote Cinderella in
1697; in turn, he could have drawn his inspiration from a Greek legend.
Sandrine explains her dislike for her stepmother as follows: [translation] “a
woman who cannot have children of her own” and who has a grudge against Sandrine,
who gave birth to a child; moreover, she stated the following: [translation] “She
is the one who makes the rules. We eat when she wants us to eat. . . . She often
insults us and treats us like failures. . . . She is ruining our lives.”
[10]
Wilfried also deplores his stepmother: [translation] “She
does not love us and tells us that sometimes. If she had a child we would be
her child’s employees. I prefer to stay outside with my friends rather than
being inside that house. I do not want to be insulted for no reason anymore; I
want to be happy like my other friends.”
[11]
On its own, the children’s dissatisfaction with
their family or household circumstances is not a humanitarian and compassionate
ground giving entitlement to permanent resident status.
[12]
Furthermore, the children seem to believe that
Canadian streets are paved with gold. Sandrine stated the following: [translation] “Our
country is in economic and social trouble. There is war and life here is not
stable.”
[13]
The decision absolutely complies with the
reasonableness standard as described in Dunsmuir v New Brunswick, 2008 SCC
9, [2008] 1 S.C.R. 190 at paragraph 47.
[14]
The application for judicial review will be
dismissed. There is no serious question of general importance to be certified.
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