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In Anns v Merton London Borough Council, [1978] AC 728 (HL), the House of Lords sets out a two-step analysis to determine the existence of a duty of care: (a)        Whether there is sufficient relationship of proximity such that carelessness on the part of one party may likely cause damage to the other, in which case a prima facie duty of care arises; and (b)        If the answer to (a) is yes, whether there are any considerations which ought to negative or limit the scope of the duty of the class of person to whom it is owed or the damages to which a breach of it may give rise ...

The Attorney General contends that, in determining whether a federal institution has taken reasonable measures, consideration must be given to the bilingual nature of the position of an employee whose duties and tasks require the use of French and English. ...

As discussed above, the June 20, 2019 decision reflected an assessment by Transport Canada taking into consideration the invited submissions made by Global Marine.   ...

[131]   Le paragraphe 31(1) du Règlement dispose : 31(1) Au cours de l’audition disciplinaire, la personne qui tient l’audition doit, dans des limites raisonnables, donner au détenu qui est accusé la possibilité : 31(1) The person who conducts a hearing of a disciplinary offence shall give the inmate who is charged a reasonable opportunity at the hearing to   a) d’interroger des témoins par l’intermédiaire de la personne qui tient l’audition, de présenter des éléments de preuve, d’appeler des témoins en sa faveur et d’examiner les pièces et les documents qui vont être pris en considération pour arriver à la décision;   (a) question witnesses through the person conducting the hearing, introduce evidence, call witnesses on the inmate’s behalf and examine exhibits and documents to be considered in the taking of the decision; and b) de présenter ses observations durant chaque phase de l’audition, y compris quant à la peine qui s’impose. ...

La Cour a été réticente à conclure que l’objectif du législateur est d’exclure l’application d’une loi provinciale ou, en d’autres termes, d’ « occuper le champ » ou de prévoir un « code complet » : Banque de Montréal c Marcotte, 2014 CSC 55, au paragraphe 72, [2014] 2 RCS 725. [24]   Lorsqu’une loi provinciale concerne la « propriété et les droits civils » ou, en termes plus modernes, le droit privé, l’article 8.1 de la Loi d’interprétation, LRC 1985, c I-21, doit également être pris en considération. ...

Ontario (Finance), 2014 SCC 36, [2014] 2 S.C.R. 3,   the Court defined   “recommendation” as a course of action that may or may not be accepted; and “advice” as a broader meaning that may include a public servant’s identification and consideration of a range of alternative solutions. ...

Asselin, and the transmitted documents show no consideration of the objectives of the statute, the confidential nature of the information the CRA sought from the AMF, Messrs. ...

[94]   Since consideration of infringement and validity issues is, however, dependent on the construction of the patent claims in suit (Whirlpool Corp. v Camco Inc, 2000 SCC 67 at para 43 [Camco]), I will first interpret the contentious claims of each patent. ... Section 87 reads as follows: 87 (1) Subject to subsection (2), any claim that includes all the features of one or more other claims (in this section referred to as a “dependent claim”) shall refer by number to the other claim or claims and shall state the additional features claimed. 87 (1) Sous réserve du paragraphe (2), la revendication qui inclut toutes les caractéristiques d’une ou de plusieurs autres revendications (appelée « revendication dépendante » au présent article) renvoie au numéro de ces autres revendications et précise les caractéristiques additionnelles revendiquées. (2) A dependent claim may only refer to a preceding claim or claims. (2) La revendication dépendante peut seulement renvoyer à une ou plusieurs revendications antérieures. (3) Any dependent claim shall be understood as including all the limitations contained in the claim to which it refers or, if the dependent claim refers to more than one other claim, all the limitations contained in the particular claim or claims in relation to which it is considered. (3) La revendication dépendante comporte toutes les restrictions contenues dans la revendication à laquelle elle renvoie ou, si elle renvoie à plusieurs revendications, toutes les restrictions figurant dans la revendications [sic] ou les revendications avec lesquelles elle est prise en considération. [175]   By thus adding features to those claimed in the claim on which it depends, the dependent claim not only clarifies but also, in a way, limits the scope of the monopoly covered by the independent claim. ... In the same vein, this Court, in Janssen-Ortho Inc v Novopharm Ltd, 2006 FC 1234 at para 113 (aff’d 2007 FCA 217, leave to appeal to SCC refused, 32200 (December 6, 2007)), recalled that, not being a “scientific body”, it must “ take the facts of the case, the opinions of the experts and the circumstances as presented into consideration and come up with a weighed decision” on obviousness [emphasis added]. ...

In recognition of this difficulty, Lamer C.J. made it clear that courts must be flexible in their consideration of pre-contact activities. ...