Docket: IMM-2180-16
Citation: 2017 FC 342
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BETWEEN:
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ABDULAZIZ ODAH
JABR GHANEM
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Applicant
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and
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THE MINISTER OF
CITIZENSHIP AND IMMIGRATION
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Respondent
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REASONS
FOR JUDGMENT
HENEGHAN J.
[1]
By Judgment issued on April 4, 2017, the within
application for judicial review was dismissed, with Reasons to follow. These
are the Reasons.
[2]
Mr. Abdulaziz Odah Jabr Ghamen (the “Applicant”)
seeks judicial review of the decision of the Immigration and Refugee Board,
Refugee Protection Division (the “Board”), dismissing his application to be
found a Convention refugee or person in need of protection, pursuant to section
96 and subsection 97(1), respectively of the Immigration and Refugee
Protection Act, S.C. 2001, c. 27 (the “Act”).
[3]
The Applicant formerly resided in Kuwait.
He is of Bidoon ethnicity and suffers from spastic cerebral palsy. He advanced
his claim against Kuwait, on the basis that he faces discrimination due to
ethnicity.
[4]
The Applicant’s claim for protection was denied
by the RPD on the grounds that his evidence was not credible and that he failed
to establish that discrimination in the receipt of medical services, access to
education and employment opportunities amounts to persecution.
[5]
The Applicant filed his notice of application
for leave and judicial review on May 25, 2016. Leave was granted by Order dated
September 7, 2016.
[6]
In his initial Memorandum of Fact and Law, the
Applicant argued that the Board erred in its credibility findings. He also
claimed that its other findings were not supported by the evidence. As well, he
argued that translation issues at the hearing breached the procedural fairness
owed to him.
[7]
Following the granting of leave, the Applicant
filed a Further Memorandum of Fact and Law, in which he raised the issue of
incompetence of Counsel relative to his hearing before the RPD.
[8]
By Notice of Motion filed on November 17, 2016,
Mr. Isaac Owusu-Sechere, the lawyer who represented the Applicant upon his
claim for protection and at the hearing before the Board, sought leave to
intervene in the hearing of this application for judicial review.
[9]
The motion for intervention was heard on
November 22, 2016. Counsel for the Applicant and Counsel for the Minister of
Citizenship and Immigration (the “Respondent”) responded to that Motion. An
oral Order was made granting leave to Mr. Owusu-Sechere to intervene and to
file brief submission; the hearing of the application for judicial review was
adjourned until November 30, 2016.
[10]
In his Further Memorandum of Fact and Law, the
Applicant argues that his former lawyer was incompetent, specifically for
failing to adequately prepare him for his hearing before the Board and for
referring to the wrong Kuwaiti legislation about disability benefits. He
submits that the incompetence of his former lawyer deprived him of the right to
meaningfully participate in his hearing.
[11]
Issues of procedural fairness are reviewable on
the standard of correctness; see the decision in Canada (Citizenship and
Immigration) v. Khosa, [2009] 1 S.C.R. 339 (S.C.C.).
[12]
Incompetence of counsel that leads to
deprivation of a fair hearing can result in a breach of procedural fairness; Shirwa
v. Canada (Minister of Employment and Immigration), [1994] 2 F.C. 51
(F.C.T.D.) at paragraph 14.
[13]
Credibility findings are reviewable on the
standard of reasonableness; see the decision in Borbon Marte v. Canada
(Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness) (2010), 374 F.T.R.
160 (F.C.) at paragraph 18.
[14]
The Applicant initially argued that errors in
translation impaired his right to procedural fairness.
[15]
The Applicant did not raise this problem during
the hearing before the Board. Although the transcript of the hearing, at page
307 of the Certified Tribunal Record, shows that the Applicant said: “I don’t know if that’s what you mean”, in response to
a question from the Board, I am not persuaded that the Applicant clearly raised
translation issues at the first opportunity, that is during the hearing before
the Board.
[16]
The test to be met when a party alleges
incompetence of counsel amounting to a breach of procedural fairness is
discussed by the Supreme Court of Canada in R. v. G.D.B., [2000] 1
S.C.R. 520 (S.C.C.), which held as follows at paragraph 26:
...For an appeal to succeed, it must be
established, first, that counsel’s acts or omissions constituted incompetence
and second, that a miscarriage of justice resulted.
[17]
The Applicant argues that his former Counsel`s
failure to properly prepare him for the hearing of his claim, in particular in
the preparation of his Basis of Claim (“BOC”) form and by referring to the
wrong Kuwaiti legislation (“Law 49/1999”) relating to the rights of persons
with disabilities.
[18]
I note from the transcript that at the beginning
of the hearing before the Board, former Counsel advised the Board about changes
to the Applicant’s narrative to the BOC. This exchange demonstrates that some
communication took place between the Applicant and his former Counsel and
rebuts the claim that former Counsel failed to review and correct the BOC
narrative.
[19]
The minor changes made on behalf of the Applicant
may not have yielded a positive outcome but changes were indeed made, by former
Counsel, to assist the Applicant.
[20]
I see no reviewable error arising from the
erroneous reference of former Counsel to Law 49/1996.
[21]
I am not persuaded that the Applicant’s former
Counsel’s actions fall to the level of professional incompetence. Even if they
did, I am not satisfied that the actions of former Counsel led to an injustice.
[22]
The Board made negative credibility findings. As
noted above, these finding are reviewable on the standard of reasonableness.
[23]
I have reviewed the Applicant’s BOC, as well as
the transcript of his evidence before the Board. The negative credibility
findings meet the standard of reasonableness, when considered against the
evidence given by the Applicant.
[24]
No question for certification was proposed by
the parties.
[25]
For these reasons, the application for judicial
review was dismissed.
"E. Heneghan"
Ottawa, Ontario
April 7, 2017
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