Docket: IMM-2817-16
Citation:
2017 FC 50
Ottawa, Ontario, January 13, 2017
PRESENT: The
Honourable Madam Justice Heneghan
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BETWEEN:
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SUKHVIR SINGH MOMI
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Applicant
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and
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THE MINISTER OF
CITIZENSHIP AND IMMIGRATION
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Respondent
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JUDGMENT AND REASONS
[1]
Mr. Sukhvir Singh Momi (the “Applicant”) seeks
judicial review of the decision of the Immigration and Refugee Board,
Immigration Appeal Division (the “IAD”), dismissing his appeal from a finding
by a Visa Officer (the “Officer”) that his marriage to Sukhwinder Kaur was not
genuine within the meaning of subsection 4(1) of the Immigration and Refugee
Protection Regulations, SOR/2002-227 (the “Regulations”) and accordingly,
that his wife is not a member of the family class as defined in paragraph
117(1)(a) of the Regulations.
[2]
The Applicant is a permanent resident. He
married his wife on April 10, 2013 in India. The subsequent spousal sponsorship
was refused after an interview held on March 4, 2015 in New Delhi, India. The
refusal letter is dated March 12, 2015.
[3]
The Officer refused the spousal sponsorship
application for several reasons, including the opinion that the match between
the Applicant and his wife was not compatible; the marriage occurred in haste;
the wedding photos appeared staged; the wife was aged 38 at the time of the
marriage which was her first marriage; and a finding that telephone calls
between the Applicant and his wife, 4 to 5 times a day, were not credible.
[4]
The Applicant testified in person before the
IAD; his wife gave her evidence by way of telephone communication from India.
[5]
The IAD found that the Applicant did not meet
the onus of showing, on a balance of probabilities, that the marriage was
genuine and not entered into for the purpose of acquiring status or privilege
under the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act, S.C. 2001, c. 27 (the
“Act”).
[6]
Although the IAD found “some
evidence” in support of a genuine marriage, it also noted that there
were “significant, irreconcilable inconsistencies”
between the oral evidence of the Applicant and his wife, and between their
evidence and the documentary evidence, including the affidavit filed by the Applicant
before the IAD.
[7]
The IAD observed that the evidence of the wife
was occasionally hesitant, vague and nonresponsive. It made negative credibility
findings against the wife. It also found that the explanation for the absence
of the Applicant’s parents and son from the wedding was not credible.
[8]
In challenging the decision of the IAD, the Applicant
argues that its finding that the marriage was not genuine was not reasonable.
He also submits that the credibility findings of the IAD were not justifiable,
transparent and intelligible.
[9]
On the other hand, the Minister of Citizenship
and Immigration (the “Respondent”) argues that the IAD’s conclusions about the
genuineness of the marriage and the credibility of the evidence met the
required standard of reasonableness.
[10]
According to the decision in Nahal v. Canada
(Minister of Citizenship and Immigration), 2016 FC 81, the findings of the
IAD on the genuineness of the marriage are reviewable on the standard of
reasonableness. In Dunsmuir v. New Brunswick, [2008] 1 S.C.R. 190 at
paragraph 47, the Supreme Court of Canada said that this standard requires that
a decision be “justifiable, transparent and intelligible”
and fall within a range of possible, acceptable outcomes.
[11]
I agree with the submissions of the Applicant
that the decision of the IAD, in this case, does not meet the required
standard. The IAD did not identify the evidence that it found supportive of the
genuineness of the marriage and did not explain why that evidence was
insufficient to overcome minor discrepancies in the evidence given by the Applicant
and his wife.
[12]
Upon my review of the transcript, it seems that
the IAD took an unduly narrow and microscopic approach to its assessment of the
evidence. This approach was not justified in the circumstances. It renders the
decision unreasonable and the application for judicial review will be allowed.
There is no question for certification arising.
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